What changed on 1 January 2026
CBAM moved from reporting-only to financial obligations. Importers must now purchase CBAM certificates for embedded CO₂.
Covered goods
Cement · Iron & steel · Aluminium · Fertilisers · Hydrogen · Electricity
Check your CN codes against [Annex I of Reg. (EU) 2023/956](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/956/oj).
Cost formula
CBAM cost = Embedded emissions (tCO₂) × EU ETS price (€/t)
Example: 1,000t hot-rolled steel from India at default factor 2.115 tCO₂/t, ETS at €65/t:
1,000 × 2.115 × €65 = €137,475
If the origin country has a carbon price, you deduct it.
Calculate your exposure
→ [CBAM Cost Calculator](/tools/cbam) — model your annual cost by product category, tonnage, and origin.
Deadlines
- Quarterly: purchase certificates via CBAM registry
- 31 May annually: file CBAM declaration for previous year
Source
[Regulation (EU) 2023/956](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/956/oj)